Feed-water purifier.



Patented Anr. 23. l90l.

2 sheets-sheet N.L. HAYDEN.

FEED WATER PURIEIER.

(Application ad Jan (No Model.)

No. 672,553. Patented-Apr. 23, l90l.' N. L. HAYDEN.

FEED WATER PURIFI'E'R.

Ap umion filed Jan. 7, 1901. (No No mal.) 2 $hoats-Sheet 2.

Ra e flfor m: nonms PETERS co, PHOTO-H1110 WHHINQTON. u. c.

NITED STATES NORMAN L. HAYDEN, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

FEED-WATER PURIFIER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 672,553, dated April23, 1901..

application filed January '7, 1901. serial No. 42,316. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, N ORMAN L. HAYDEN, a citizen of the United States,residing at New York, in the borough of Manhattan and State of New York,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Apparatus forPurifying Feed-Water for Locomotives; and I do hereby declare thefollowing to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention,such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains tomake and use the same.

This invention relates to apparatus especially intended for use onlocomotives; but certain constituent parts forming complete operativecombinations may be used with any steam-boiler of ordinary construction.

The use of some sort of purifier on a locomotive is especially desirablefrom the fact that locomotives must necessarily use water from naturalsources along the line of the road, even though in certain sections suchwater contains a high percentage of deleterious mineral matter. It isparticularly desirable also because a slight amount of deposit or scalemakes it difficult to obtain the high efficiency almost indispensable ina locomotive and because the greatly-increased amount of fuel not onlycosts much money, but compels taking more frequent supplies. Again, suchboilers are not readily cleaned, and the frequent repair made necessaryby the formation of scale puts each engine out of service a great partof the time and also largely increases the eXpenditures-of-repairaccount. These evils have led to many attempts in the direction ofpurifying; but so far as I am aware none of the devices suggested havebeen satisfactory and few or none of them are at present in practicaluse.

My devices are now in successful practical use on two of the mostimportant trunk-lines of this country upon boilers provided withinjectors or with feed-water heaters which raise the feed-water to 270Fahrenheit or upmittin g the fireman to discharge or wash out thesediment in perhaps half a minute at any time and without in the leastinterfering with the working of the locomotive or with his own ordinaryduties.

Referring now to the drawings, Figure l is a side elevation of a part ofa locomotive, showing my devices in place thereon. Fig. 2 is a verticalaxial section of my purifier, showing its immediate connections. Fig. 3is a detail view of a part seen also in Fig. 2.

The body of the purifier is a heavy upwardly-open cylindrical chamber orcasing A, Fig. 2, provided with a head or cover A, secured by bolts AThese bolts also pass through and bind fast the flange A of a sus pendedcylindrical vessel 13, open above and provided below with a dependingnozzle or large open tube B. The nozzle is inclosed by a thick tube B ofzinc, secured in any suitable way-for example, by set-screws B The zinctube is preferably made up of distinct sections, as shown, so that if byaccident it should slip down it is not likely to rest upon the bottom ofthe chamber and prevent water from passing through the nozzle. Upon aperforated plate B in the chamber B any suitable filtering material maybe placed. Around the-upper part of the nozzle and midway between it andthe walls of the casing is a tubular ring C, provided with internal andexternal perforations O andhaving projecting lugs 0 which rest uponprojections A upon the casing. A blow-out tube D, provided with a valveD, operated by a rod D passes outward from this ring through the wall ofthe casing A and above the valve is joined by a second blow-out pipe Dcommunicating with the lower central part of the chamber.

E is a pipe leading from any suitable injector or feeder and heater to athree-way valve E, operated by a rod E From this valve a pipe F passesto the boiler and is pro vided with a branch F, leading through thecenter of the cover into the upper part of the filter-chamber. The thirdpassage governed by the three-way valve leads through a pipe G to anupwardly-turned laterally-inclined nozzle G belowthe ring G. Ordinarilywater arriving by the pipe E passes through this latter pipe and isdischarged with a cyclonic effect upon the water in the upper part ofthe space in which the nozzle B lies. Here, owing to the hightemperature, the mineral matter is deposited, and as the water isbrought into intimate contact with the zinc, for which acids have strongaffinity, the larger part of such acids is combined with the zinc andrendered harmless. The water thus entering soon falls and then risesthrough the nozzle and, passing through the filtering-chamber, isdischarged through the pipe F, whence it passes through the pipe F tothe boiler.

In applying purifying apparatus to a locomotive it is essential that itbe compact, that it shall not interfere with any ordinary part, that itshall be readily accessible, and that it shall be so arranged that itmay be cleaned quickly while the train is running and of course withoutthe operator leaving the cab.

Fig. 1 shows the relative size and location of' my device as now indaily practical use upon a locomotive, it being placed alongside theboiler H in front of the cab I and near the running or foot board J,which it does not obstruct, and provided with valve-operating rods D Eextending rearward to the firemans place in the cab. Now if the rod E bedrawn rearward the passage from the valve through the pipe'G is closedand that through the pipe F is opened. If the blow-out valve be thenopened, water under the full boiler-pressure is forced down through thepipe F, through the filter, and out through both the pipes D D therebyinstantly and forcibly washing out the lower part of the filteringmaterial, the chamber A, and the perforated ring. By having adischarge-valve operated independently of the shifting-valve thesediment floating in the lower chamber and that falling to the bottom ofthe same may be discharged from time to time by operatin g thedischarge-valve alone for an instant,

whereby the clogging of the filter is much delayed andthe sloweroperation of cleaning the same by opening both valves is needed muchless'frequently than would otherwise be the case. This convenient andeifective cleaning is necessary because of the rapid accumulation ofsediment when the water is very impure. Through a single apparatus nowin use three thousand gallons of water pass in one hour, the distancepassed over per day being some four hundred miles, and it is obviouslyimpracticable either to allow the sediment to remain to the end of therun or to stop the engine and clean the apparatus.

What I claim is- 1. In a feed-water purifier, the combination with acasing or chamber, of a discharge-pipe leading from the upper part ofthe'same, a feeder-pipe discharging in the lower part of the casing, areceptacle for filtering material fixed in said chamber and providedwith a central dependent nozzle or tube, and a layer of metallic zincsecured upon the surface of said tube.

' 2. In a feed-water purifier, the combination with an outer casing orchamber, of a discharge-pipe leading from the upper part of said casing,a receptacle for filtering material mounted in said chamber and providedwith a dependent tube or nozzle, a sleeve of zinc inclosing said tube,and a feeder-tube discharging against said sleeve.

3. In a feed-water purifier, the combination with an outer casing orchamber, of a receptacle for filtering material fixed in the upper partof said chamber and provided with a central dependent tube or nozzle, asleeve of zinc inclosing said tube, a pipe discharging in the spacebelow the receptacle through an inclined passage, whereby the waterdelivered has a cyclonic action, thus washing the zinc and aidingprecipitation.

4. In a feed-water purifier, the combination with an outer casing orchamber, of a discharge-pipe leading from the upper part of saidchamber, a feeder-tube discharging in the lower part of the chamber, areceptacle for filtering material centrally fixed in the upper portionof said chamber and having a central, dependent tube or nozzle, and azinc sleeve inclosing said tube, made up of distinct rings,and means fordetachably securing the rings in position.

5. The combination with a locomotive, of a purifier mounted alongsidethe boiler, a discharge-pipe leading from the upper part of the same tothe boiler, a feeder-pipe branch leadinginto said discharge-pipe,abranch pipe leading from the feeder-pipe into the lower part of thepurifier, a valve for shifting the flow from one branch to the otherwhereby' the purifier may be cut out, a valve-operating device extendingfrom said valve to the cab, a blow-out pipe leading from the lower partof the purifier, a valve controlling the discharge through the blow-outpipe, and a valve-operating device extending from the valve to the cabwhereby each valve may be operated While the locomotiveis in motion.

6. The combination with a locomotive, of a feed-water purifier mountedalongside the boiler and having an upper chamber, a lower chamber andafiltering-receptacle separating said chambers and provided withadependent nozzle or tube externally covered with zinc, a discharge-pipeleading from the upper chamber to the boiler, a feeder-pipe branchleading into the discharge-pipe, a branch pipe leading from thefeeder-pipe into the lower chamber, a Valve operable from the cab toshift the feed-water from either branch to the other, a blow-out pipeleading from the lower part of the purifier, and a valve operable fromthe. cab to open and close the blow-out pipe.

, In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of twowitnesses.

NORMAN L. HAYDEN. Witnesses:

EDGAR B. MCBATH, EDWIN S. CLARKSON.

IIO

